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Study of the antimicrobial activity and synergistic effect of some plant extracts and essential oils
Éva György
Abstract: Known for their antiseptic and medicinal properties and their fragrance, essential oils are used in the preservation of foods, and as antimicrobial, analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic and locally anesthetic remedies. In the present study the antimicrobial effect of the water extract, the tincture and the essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Thymus vulgaris L. and Salvia officinalis L. was assessed in the case of some bacteria important from the sanitary point of view: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans CBS 562. At the same time, in the case of some volatile oil combinations we studied the phenomena of synergism and antagonism. Of the examined microorganisms, the most resistant appeared to be Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, while Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive. Of the chosen plant species the most pronounced antimicrobial effect was detected in the case of Thymus vulgaris. When associating the essential oils of different plant species, the synergism was the most obvious in the case of the association of Salvia officinalis and Foeniculum vulgare.
Keywords: essential oils,antimicrobial effects,minimum inhibitory concentration,synergism
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