RRML - Expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 in patients with knee osteoarthritis and their associations with the severity
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Nr. 33(2)/2025 DOI:10.2478/rrlm-2025-0011
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Research article

Expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 in patients with knee osteoarthritis and their associations with the severity

Nan Zheng

Correspondence should be addressed to: Nan Zheng

Abstract:

Background: A key factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is an imbalance in cytokines, favoring proinflammatory activity. This study aimed to explore the expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interleukin-1β (IL-β) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), as well as their associations with the severity. Methods: Subjects (166 in total) were recruited from KOA patients treated between January 2021 and June 2023. Their clinical data were collected, disease severity was assessed by Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grades, and venous blood was drawn to measure the serum levels of IGF-1, MMP-13, and IL-1β. Factors affecting the severity of KOA were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model incorporating the aforementioned information. Results: There were more cases of disease course >1 year, body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2, heavy physical labor, and osteoporosis in the severe group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that disease course >1 year, BMI >25 kg/m2, heavy physical labor, osteoporosis, lowly expressed MMP-13, and lowly expressed IL-1β were risk factors for the severity of KOA [odds ratio (OR) >1, P<0.05], while highly expressed IGF-1 was a protective factor (OR<1, P<0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (95% confidence interval) of IGF-1, MMP-13, and IL-1β levels and their combination for assessing the severity of KOA were 0.883 (0.823-0.942), 0.880 (0.827-0.934), 0.895 (0.847-0.943), and 0.923 (0.877-0.968), respectively. Conclusions: IGF-1 is lowly expressed, whereas MMP-13 and IL-1β are highly expressed. The combined application of the three indicators has the highest value for assessing the severity of KOA.

Keywords: expression, insulin-like growth factor, interleukin, knee osteoarthritis, matrix metalloproteinase

Received: 13.11.2024
Accepted: 11.3.2025
Published: 31.3.2025

 
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How to cite
Zheng N. Expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 in patients with knee osteoarthritis and their associations with the severity. Rev Romana Med Lab. 2025;33(2):95-100. DOI:10.2478/rrlm-2025-0011