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The role of cytokines, cytogenetic factors and oncogenes in the prognosis of multiple myeloma
Gabriel Dragoş I. Găman, Amelia Maria V. Găman
Abstract: A series of cytokines, like IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, M oncostatin, ILGF1, stimulate the growth of myelomatous cells. Some of them can worsen the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma through their negative effects (osteolysis, inhibition of erythropoiesis) or may induce benefic effects (megakariopoiesis stimulation). The presence of chromosomal abnormalities might add to a positive prognosis (hyperdiploidia of 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 19, 21) or, conversely, could be a bad prognostic factor: t(4;14), t(14;16), del 13q and 17p13. The study of gene expression in multiple myeloma represents a modern method of identifying the genes which, through their overexpression, aggravate the patients prognosis. Until now, approximately 33000 types of these genes have been studied in multiple myeloma.
Keywords: multiple myeloma,cytokines,chromosomial abnormalities,oncogenes,prognosis.
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